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Cross-site Scripting occurrences in Cliniccases

Multiple reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in ClinicCases 7.3.3 allow unauthenticated attackers to introduce arbitrary JavaScript by crafting a malicious URL. This can result in account takeover via session token theft. (2021-09-07, CVE-2021-38704)

Persistent cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in ClinicCases 7.3.3 allow low-privileged attackers to introduce arbitrary JavaScript to account parameters. The XSS payloads will execute in the browser of any user who views the relevant content. This can result in account takeover via session token theft. (2021-09-07, CVE-2021-38707)

Why Cross-site Scripting can be dangerous

Cross site scripting is an attack where a web page executes code that is injected by an adversary. It usually appears, when users input is presented. This attack can be used to impersonate a user, take over control of the session, or even steal API keys.

The attack can be executed e.g. when you application injects the request parameter directly into the HTML code of the page returned to the user:

https://server.com/confirmation?message=Transaction+Complete

what results in:

<span>Confirmation: Transaction Complete</span>

In that case the message can be modified to become a valid Javascript code, e.g.:

https://server.com/confirmation?message=<script>dangerous javascript code here</script>

and it will be executed locally by the user's browser with full access to the user's personal application/browser data:

<span>Confirmation: <script>dangerous javascript code here</script></span>

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