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Cross-site Scripting occurrences in Ehealth Performance Manager
** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** CA eHealth Performance Manager through 6.3.2.12 is affected by Cross Site Scripting (XSS). The impact is: An authenticated remote user is able to inject arbitrary web script or HTML due to incorrect sanitization of user-supplied data and perform a Reflected Cross-Site Scripting attack against the platform users. The affected endpoints are: cgi/nhWeb with the parameter report, aviewbin/filtermibobjects.pl with the parameter namefilter, and aviewbin/query.pl with the parameters System, SystemText, Group, and GroupText. NOTE: This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer. (2021-03-26, CVE-2021-28247)
Why Cross-site Scripting can be dangerous
Cross site scripting is an attack where a web page executes code that is injected by an adversary. It usually appears, when users input is presented. This attack can be used to impersonate a user, take over control of the session, or even steal API keys.
The attack can be executed e.g. when you application injects the request parameter directly into the HTML code of the page returned to the user:
https://server.com/confirmation?message=Transaction+Complete
what results in:
<span>Confirmation: Transaction Complete</span>
In that case the message can be modified to become a valid Javascript code, e.g.:
https://server.com/confirmation?message=<script>dangerous javascript code here</script>
and it will be executed locally by the user's browser with full access to the user's personal application/browser data:
<span>Confirmation: <script>dangerous javascript code here</script></span>