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Path Traversal occurrences in Fortiweb
A relative path traversal in FortiWeb versions 6.4.1, 6.4.0, and 6.3.0 through 6.3.15 may allow an authenticated attacker to retrieve arbitrary files from the underlying filesystem via specially crafted web requests. (2022-04-06, CVE-2021-41026)
An improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability [CWE-22] in FortiWeb management interface 6.4.1 and below, 6.3.15 and below, 6.2.x, 6.1.x, 6.0.x, 5.9.x and 5.8.x may allow an authenticated attacker to perform an arbitrary file and directory deletion in the device filesystem. (2022-02-02, CVE-2021-42753)
Why Path Traversal can be dangerous
Relative Path Confusion means that your web server is configured to serve responses to ambiguous URLs. This configuration can possibly cause confusion about the correct relative path for the URL. It is also an issue of resources, such as images, styles etc., which are specified in the response using relative path, not the absolute URL.
If the web browser permits to parse "cross-content" response, the attacker may be able to fool the web browser into interpreting HTML into other content types, which can then lead to a cross site scripting attack (link do XSS).