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Cross-site Scripting occurrences in Manageengine Applications Manager

Zoho ManageEngine Applications Manager before 15130 is vulnerable to Stored XSS while importing malicious user details (e.g., a crafted user name) from AD. (2021-07-01, CVE-2021-31813)

Zoho ManageEngine Applications Manager before 14 build 14730 has no protection against jsp/header.jsp Cross-site Scripting (XSS) . (2020-09-25, CVE-2020-15521)

A reflected Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Zoho ManageEngine Applications Manager 13 before build 13820 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the /deleteMO.do method parameter. (2018-08-08, CVE-2018-15169)

A reflected Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Zoho ManageEngine Applications Manager before 13 (Build 13800) allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the parameter 'method' to GraphicalView.do. (2018-06-29, CVE-2018-12996)

Why Cross-site Scripting can be dangerous

Cross site scripting is an attack where a web page executes code that is injected by an adversary. It usually appears, when users input is presented. This attack can be used to impersonate a user, take over control of the session, or even steal API keys.

The attack can be executed e.g. when you application injects the request parameter directly into the HTML code of the page returned to the user:

https://server.com/confirmation?message=Transaction+Complete

what results in:

<span>Confirmation: Transaction Complete</span>

In that case the message can be modified to become a valid Javascript code, e.g.:

https://server.com/confirmation?message=<script>dangerous javascript code here</script>

and it will be executed locally by the user's browser with full access to the user's personal application/browser data:

<span>Confirmation: <script>dangerous javascript code here</script></span>

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