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Cross-site Scripting occurrences in Saml
A vulnerability has been identified in Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 7 compatible) (All versions < V1.16.6), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 8 compatible) (All versions < V2.2.2), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 9 compatible) (All versions < V3.2.3). In certain configurations SAML module is vulnerable to Cross Site Scripting (XSS) attacks due to insufficient error message sanitation. This could allow an attacker to execute malicious code by tricking users into accessing a malicious link. (2022-06-14, CVE-2022-32286)
The miniorange_saml (aka Miniorange Saml) extension before 1.4.3 for TYPO3 allows XSS. (2021-08-13, CVE-2021-36785)
Why Cross-site Scripting can be dangerous
Cross site scripting is an attack where a web page executes code that is injected by an adversary. It usually appears, when users input is presented. This attack can be used to impersonate a user, take over control of the session, or even steal API keys.
The attack can be executed e.g. when you application injects the request parameter directly into the HTML code of the page returned to the user:
https://server.com/confirmation?message=Transaction+Complete
what results in:
<span>Confirmation: Transaction Complete</span>
In that case the message can be modified to become a valid Javascript code, e.g.:
https://server.com/confirmation?message=<script>dangerous javascript code here</script>
and it will be executed locally by the user's browser with full access to the user's personal application/browser data:
<span>Confirmation: <script>dangerous javascript code here</script></span>